What are essential oils?
Essential oils are highly concentrated plant extracts. They are usually extracted by steam distillation or cold pressed / expressed from the flowers, leaves, roots, seeds, peels, woods and resins. While most flower and wood oils are produced by steam distillation, citrus oils are commonly cold pressed / expressed. Each essential oil carries the plant’s distinctive aroma and therapeutic compounds, which can promote healing of the body and mind as well bringing many other benefits.
For more ideas, explore our Aromatherapy Tips.
What is the difference between essential oils and fragrance oils?
Essential Oils
- 100% Pure (e.g., lavender, peppermint, lemon) and have therapeutic properties.
- Used in traditional aromatherapy when appropriately diluted to help with your mind and body.
- Label should show the botanical name (INCI) and origin.
- Sold as 100% pure (undiluted), not mixed with perfumes.
Fragrance Oils
- Synthetically created for scent replication and may have usage restrictions due to chemicals used.
- Used for candles, wax melts, some soaps & cosmetics, when therapeutic properties are not needed.
- Not used in traditional aromatherapy as they have no therapeutic benefits.
- Labels may say “fragrance” rather than a botanical name.
Bottom line: choose pure essential oils for natural, plant-derived aromas and classic aromatherapy use.
How do you use essential oils safely?
Use essential oils with care—they’re very concentrated. Start with low dilutions and follow these basics:
- Diffuse: Add drops to water per your diffuser’s manual. Ventilate rooms.
- Topical: Always dilute in a carrier oil. Patch test first.
- Avoid: Eyes, inner ears, mucous membranes, and broken skin.
- Store: Tightly sealed, in dark glass, away from heat and sunlight.
See our full Safety Page for more detailed information.
Can you apply essential oils directly to skin?
Direct (neat) application is not recommended for most users. Dilute essential oils in a carrier oil. Typical everyday-use guidelines:
| Audience | Common Range | Example (per 10 ml carrier) |
|---|
| Adults (daily use) | 0.5%–2% | 1–4 drops total |
| Short-term use with milder essential oils | up to 3% | 6 drops total |
| Facial skin / sensitive | 0.5%–1% | 1–2 drops total |
Reduce further for sensitive skin. Discontinue if irritation occurs.
Can essential oils be ingested?
We don’t recommend ingestion. Essential oils are highly concentrated and may irritate or sensitise. Stick to diffusion and properly diluted topical use. Seek guidance from a qualified professional for any other route.
What are carrier oils and why are they important?
Carrier oils are vegetable oils (like jojoba, sweet almond, grapeseed) that dilute essential oils for safe skin application. They help spread the oil, reduce irritation risk, and improve glide during massage.
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How long do essential oils last?
Most essential oils stay fresh for about 2 years when stored correctly. Citrus oils may oxidise faster. If your essential oil smells sharp, stale, or “off,” it’s time to replace it.
Can essential oils be used around pets or children?
Use extra caution with young children, pregnant individuals, and pets. Keep bottles out of reach, diffuse in well-ventilated areas, and choose gentle oils. When in doubt, consult a suitable healthcare or veterinary professional.
See our Safety Advice Page for more details on essential oil safety with children and in pregnancy.
For more information on use with pets, see this article published by the National Association for Holisitic Aromatherapy.
How do I choose quality essential oils?
- Look for purity: 100% pure, undiluted essential oil that is Therapeutic Grade for Aromatherapy use.
- Check the label: botanical (Latin) name and origin.
- Single origin: ensure that the essntial oil is from a single specified origin.
- Trusted source: buy from established UK specialists who are members of the Aromatherapy Trade Council.
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How do I store essential oils correctly?
Store in dark glass bottles, tightly capped, in a cool, dark place away from sunlight and heat sources. Wipe rims before closing to prevent stuck caps.
Can essential oils be used for cleaning?
Yes—many people use lemon, tea tree, and eucalyptus essential oils in DIY cleaning sprays and fresheners. Always spot-test first, use proper dilutions, and keep all blends away from children and pets.
For cleaning recipes using essential oils, explore our Aromatherapy Tips page
Safety reminder: Essential oils are highly concentrated. Use as directed, discontinue if irritation occurs, and consult a professional if you have specific health questions.
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